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Exam- 12 Analytical Skill Verbal Reasoning topic: 1. Statement Assumption and conclusion, Syllogism, Making Judgments 2. data sufficiency 3. Clock, Calendar/Days

১) Directions: In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions.
Statement: "You are hereby appointed as a programmer with a probation period of one year and your performance will be reviewed at the end of the period for confirmation." - A line in an appointment letter.
Assumptions:
I. The performance of an individual generally is not known at the time of appointment offer.
II. Generally an individual tries to prove his worth in the probation period. 

  1. Only assumption I is implicit
  2. Neither I nor II is implicit
  3. Only assumption II is implicit 
  4. Both I and II are implicit

Question: Directions: In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. 

Statement: "You are hereby appointed as a programmer with a probation period of one year and your performance will be reviewed at the end of the period for confirmation." - A line in an appointment letter.

Assumptions:
I. The performance of an individual generally is not known at the time of appointment offer.
II. Generally an individual tries to prove his worth in the probation period.

Solution:
একজন ব্যক্তিকে programmer হিসেবে নিয়োগ দেওয়া হয়েছে, তবে তার probation period এক বছর। এই সময় শেষে তার performance review করে চাকরি confirm করা হবে।
এখানে মূল বিষয় হলো: নিয়োগের সময়ই তাকে স্থায়ীভাবে confirm করা হয়নি; বরং কাজের দক্ষতা যাচাই করার জন্য probation রাখা হয়েছে।

Assumption I:
The performance of an individual generally is not known at the time of appointment offer.
এটি implicit।
কারণ, যদি নিয়োগের সময়ই ব্যক্তির প্রকৃত performance পুরোপুরি জানা থাকত, তাহলে probation period রেখে পরে review করার প্রয়োজন হতো না।
Probation period রাখার অর্থই হলো- বাস্তব কাজের মাধ্যমে তার দক্ষতা, দায়িত্ববোধ, নিয়মিততা, আচরণ ইত্যাদি যাচাই করা হবে।
তাই Assumption I সঠিক।

Assumption II:
Generally an individual tries to prove his worth in the probation period.
এটিও implicit।
কারণ probation period-এ কর্মীর চাকরি confirm হবে কি না, তা তার performance-এর উপর নির্ভর করছে। তাই সাধারণভাবে একজন কর্মী এই সময়ে নিজের যোগ্যতা প্রমাণ করার চেষ্টা করবে-এটাই স্বাভাবিক ধারণা।
তাই Assumption II-ও সঠিক।

সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর: ঘ) Both I and II are implicit.

২) If 14 November 2011 was a Monday, then what was the day of the week on 26 November 2013?

  1. Thursday
  2. Tuesday
  3. Wednesday
  4. Monday

Question: If 14 November 2011 was a Monday, then what was the day of the week on 26 November 2013?

Solution:
Given that,
14 November 2011 = Monday (assumed)

Now, From 14 Nov 2011 to 14 Nov 2012 = 366 days (2012 is a leap year).
From 14 Nov 2012 to 14 Nov 2013 = 365 days.
And from 14 Nov 2013 to 26 Nov 2013 = 12 days.

∴ Total days = 366 + 365 + 12 = 743 
= 7 × 106 + 1 
= 106 Week + 1 day

So the weekday advances by 1 day. Starting from Monday, 
∴ Monday + 1 = Tuesday

৩) The school principal has received complaints from parents about bullying in the school yard during recess. He wants to investigate and end this situation as soon as possible, so he has asked the recess aides to watch closely. Which situation should the recess aides report to the principal? 

  1. A girl is sitting glumly on a bench reading a book and not interacting with her peers. 
  2. Four girls are surrounding another girl and seem to have possession of her backpack.
  3. Two boys are playing a one-on-one game of basketball and are arguing over the last basket scored. 
  4. Three boys are huddled over a handheld video game, which isn't supposed to be on school grounds.

Question: The school principal has received complaints from parents about bullying in the school yard during recess. He wants to investigate and end this situation as soon as possible, so he has asked the recess aides to watch closely. Which situation should the recess aides report to the principal?

Solution:
বুলিং বলতে বোঝায় যখন একজন বা একাধিক ব্যক্তি অন্য কাউকে ইচ্ছাকৃতভাবে হয়রানি, ভয় দেখানো, ঘিরে রাখা বা তার জিনিসপত্র কেড়ে নেওয়ার মাধ্যমে ক্ষতি করে।

অপশন খ) স্পষ্টতই বুলিংয়ের একটি ঘটনা। কারণ,
চারজন মেয়ে একজনকে ঘিরে রেখেছে এবং তার ব্যাকপ্যাক কেড়ে নিয়েছে বলে মনে হচ্ছে।
এটি শারীরিক ও মানসিক হয়রানির লক্ষণ। এমন ঘটনা অবশ্যই প্রিন্সিপালকে জানানো উচিত যাতে দ্রুত ব্যবস্থা নেওয়া যায়।

অন্য অপশনগুলো ভুল:
ক) মেয়েটি একা বসে আছে এবং মনমরা - এটি তার ব্যক্তিগত অস্বস্তি হতে পারে, কিন্তু এতে কেউ তাকে হয়রানি করছে না। এটি বুলিং নয়।
গ) দুই ছেলের খেলা নিয়ে তর্ক - এটি সাধারণ খেলার ঝগড়া। এটাকে বুলিং বলা যায় না।
ঘ) ছেলেরা নিষিদ্ধ গেম আনছে - এটি নিয়ম ভঙ্গ, কিন্তু বুলিং নয়।

So, correct answer is খ) Four girls are surrounding another girl and seem to have possession of her backpack.

৪) The reflex angle between the hands of a clock at 10:20 is:

  1. 170°
  2. 200°
  3. 180°
  4. 190°

Question: The reflex angle between the hands of a clock at 10:20 is:

Solution: 
Required angle = |(11 M - 60 H)/2|°
= |(11 × 20 - 60 × 10)/2|°
= |(220 - 600)/2|°
= |- 380/2|°
= 190°

So, the reflex angle between the hands of a clock at 10:20 is 190°.

৫) Statement: All the harmoniums are instruments. All instruments are flutes.
Conclusion:
I. All the flutes are instruments.
II. All the harmoniums are flutes.

  1. Only I conclusion follows
  2. Either I or II follow
  3. Only II conclusion follows
  4. Both I and II follow

Question: Statement: All the harmoniums are instruments. All instruments are flutes.

Conclusion:
I. All the flutes are instruments.
II. All the harmoniums are flutes.

Solution:
Statements:
I. All harmoniums are instruments.
II. All instruments are flutes.

Conclusion I:
All the flutes are instruments. → Does not follow
We know instruments are flutes, but not the reverse. There can be flutes that are not instruments.

Conclusion II:
All the harmoniums are flutes. → Follows 
Since all harmoniums are instruments, and all instruments are flutes, by transitive property, all harmoniums must be flutes.



Correct Answer: গ) Only II conclusion follows.

৬) A clock loses 36 minutes every day. After how many days will the clock show the correct time again?

  1. 18 days
  2. 20 days
  3. 15 days
  4. 24 days

Question: A clock loses 36 minutes every day. After how many days will the clock show the correct time again?

Solution:
We know that on a 12-hour clock, the hands complete one full cycle in 12 hours.
12 hours = 12 × 60 = 720 minutes
Therefore, when the clock has lost 720 minutes, it will again indicate the correct time.

Given, 
36 minutes lost = 1 day
So, 720 minutes lost =720/36 = 20 days

Therefore, the clock will show the correct time again after 20 days.

৭) If t and x are integers, what is the value of x?
Statement:
(1) x2/t2 = 4/9
(2) x > 0 and t > 0

  1. Statement (1) alone is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
  2. Statement (2) alone is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
  3. Each statement alone is sufficient.
  4. Statements (1) and (2) together are not sufficient.

Question: If t and x are integers, what is the value of x?

Statement:
(1) x2/t2 = 4/9
(2) x > 0 and t > 0

Solution: 
Statement (1):
Given that,
x2/t2 = 4/9
⇒ x/t = ± 2/3

x এবং t integers হওয়ায় সম্ভাব্য মান: x = ± 2, ± 4, ± 6, ± 8, ... (যেমন: t = 3 হলে x = ± 2 ; t = 6 হলে x = ± 4; ইত্যাদি)
একক ভাবে Statement (1) দিয়ে x-এর একক মান পাওয়া যায় না।

Statement (2):
শুধু x > 0 এবং t > 0 বলা হয়েছে। এটি একা কোনো মান দেয় না।

দুটো Statement একসাথে:
x এবং t ধনাত্মক integers, এবং x/t = 2/3

সম্ভাব্য x: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ... (অসীম সংখ্যক সম্ভাবনা)

কোনো নির্দিষ্ট একটি মান পাওয়া যায় না।

সুতরাং, দুটো Statement একসাথেও যথেষ্ট নয়।

So, correct answer is ঘ) Statements (1) and (2) together are not sufficient.

৮) Direction: A statement is given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming that the given statement is true even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statement.
Statement:
In a football match between Team-X and Team-Y, the total number of goals scored by Team-Y was 5, out of which 3 goals were scored by the left footed player.
Conclusion:
I. The left-footed player was adept at scoring goals.
II. 60% of the players in Team Y are left footed.

  1. Both I and II follow.
  2. Only II follows.
  3. Neither I nor II follows.
  4. Only I follow.

Question: Direction: A statement is given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming that the given statement is true even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statement.

Statement:
In a football match between Team-X and Team-Y, the total number of goals scored by Team-Y was 5, out of which 3 goals were scored by the left footed player.

Conclusion:
I. The left-footed player was adept at scoring goals.
II. 60% of the players in Team Y are left footed.

Solution:
Conclusion I:
ভুল কারণ,  উদ্দীপকে শুধু বলা হয়েছে একজন বামহাতি খেলোয়াড় ৩টি গোল করেছেন। তিনি গোল করার ক্ষেত্রে কতটা দক্ষ (adept), সেই ব্যাপারে কোনো সাধারণ তথ্য বা পূর্ব ইতিহাস দেওয়া নেই। একটি ম্যাচের পারফরম্যান্স দিয়ে কারও স্থায়ী দক্ষতা বিচার করা যায় না।

Conclusion II:
ভুল কারণ: ৩টি গোল ৫টি গোলের ৬০% বা (৩/৫) × ১০০ = ৬০%। কিন্তু এটি গোলের শতকরা হিসাব, খেলোয়াড়দের সংখ্যার হিসাব নয়। দলে মোট কতজন খেলোয়াড় বামহাতি, সেই সম্পর্কে উদ্দীপকে কোনো তথ্য দেওয়া হয়নি।

 So, correct answer is গ) Neither I nor II follows.

৯) Today is Monday. After 61 days, it will be-

  1. Wednesday
  2. Saturday
  3. Tuesday
  4. Thursday

Question: Today is Monday. After 61 days, it will be-

Solution:
Given that,
Today = Monday
Required day = after 61 days
Since a week has 7 days,
So, 61 ÷ 7 = 8 weeks + 5 days 

So, the odd days = 5
Starting from Monday, 
Tuesday = 1
Wednesday = 2
Thursday = 3
Friday = 4
Saturday = 5

Therefore, Saturday

১০) Rita, an accomplished pastry chef who is well known for her artistic and exquisite wedding cakes, opened a bakery one year ago and is surprised that business has been so slow. A consultant she hired to conduct market research has reported that the local population doesn't think of her shop as one they would visit on a daily basis but rather a place they'd visit if they were celebrating a special occasion. Which of the following strategies should Rita employ to increase her daily business?

  1. Making coupons available that entitle the coupon holder to receive a 25% discount on wedding, anniversary, or birthday cakes
  2. Exhibiting at the next Bridal Expo and having pieces of one of her wedding cakes available for tasting
  3. Placing a series of ads in the local newspaper that advertise the wide array of breads
  4. Moving the bakery to the other side of town

Question: Rita, an accomplished pastry chef who is well known for her artistic and exquisite wedding cakes, opened a bakery one year ago and is surprised that business has been so slow. A consultant she hired to conduct market research has reported that the local population doesn't think of her shop as one they would visit on a daily basis but rather a place they'd visit if they were celebrating a special occasion. Which of the following strategies should Rita employ to increase her daily business?

Solution:
রিতা একজন দক্ষ পেস্ট্রি শেফ, তার ওয়েডিং কেক খুব বিখ্যাত। কিন্তু তার বেকারিতে দৈনন্দিন ক্রেতা কম। মার্কেট রিসার্চে দেখা গেছে, লোকজন তার দোকানকে শুধু বিশেষ অনুষ্ঠানের (যেমন বিয়ে, জন্মদিন) জন্য মনে করে, নিয়মিত যাওয়ার জায়গা হিসেবে নয়।
তাই দৈনন্দিন ব্যবসা বাড়াতে তাকে এমন কৌশল নিতে হবে যাতে লোকজন তার দোকানকে প্রতিদিনের বেকারি হিসেবে দেখে।

- খবরের কাগজে রুটি (breads) এর বিজ্ঞাপন দিলে মানুষ বুঝবে যে এখানে শুধু দামি কেক নয়, নিয়মিত খাওয়ার জিনিসও পাওয়া যায়।
এতে দোকানের ধরন বদলে যাবে - 'শুধু বিশেষ অনুষ্ঠানের দোকান থেকে প্রতিদিনের বেকারি' তে পরিণত হবে।
এটি সস্তা এবং সরাসরি সমস্যার সমাধান করে।
Therefore, correct answer is গ) Placing a series of ads in the local newspaper that advertise the wide array of breads.

অন্য অপশন গুলো ভুল। কারণ, 

ক) Wedding, anniversary বা birthday cake-এর উপর 25% ছাড় দেওয়া
এটি এখনও বিশেষ উপলক্ষের ক্রেতাদেরই লক্ষ্য করে।
দৈনিক বিক্রি বাড়াতে সাহায্য করবে না।

খ) Bridal Expo-তে অংশগ্রহণ করা
এতে Rita-এর wedding cake specialist হিসেবে পরিচিতি আরও বাড়বে।
কিন্তু প্রতিদিনের ক্রেতা বাড়বে না।

ঘ) বেকারি অন্য এলাকায় স্থানান্তর করা
সমস্যাটি অবস্থানগত নয়, বরং মানুষের ধারণাগত (perception)।
তাই এটি কার্যকর সমাধান নয়।

১১) How many times are the hands of a clock at right angle in a day?

  1. 22 times
  2. 44 times
  3. 24 times
  4. 48 times

Question: How many times are the hands of a clock at right angle in a day?

Solution: 
In 12 hours, they are at right angles 22 times.
∴ In 24 hours, they are at right angles = 22 × 2 = 44 times.

১২) Statements: All the pencils are pens. All the pens are inks.
Conclusions:
I. All the pencils are inks.
II. Some inks are pencils.

  1. Only conclusion II follows
  2. Either I or II follows 
  3. Only conclusion I follows
  4. Both I and II follow

Question: Statements: All the pencils are pens. All the pens are inks.

Conclusions:
I. All the pencils are inks.
II. Some inks are pencils.
 
Solution:
Statements:
I. All the pencils are pens.
II. All the pens are inks.

Therefore, Pencils ⊂ Pens ⊂ Inks

Conclusion I: 
All the pencils are inks.
Since all pencils are pens and all pens are inks,
Pencils ⊂ Inks
So, Conclusion I follows.

Conclusion II: 
Some inks are pencils.
From the statement: All the pencils are pens.
Since all pencils are included within the set of inks, some inks are pencils.

So, Conclusion II follows.

So, correct answer is ঘ) Both (1) and (2) follow.

১৩) If the day after tomorrow is Saturday, then what day was yesterday?

  1. Thursday
  2. Tuesday
  3. Monday
  4. Wednesday

Question: If the day after tomorrow is Saturday, then what day was yesterday?

Solution:
If the day after tomorrow is Saturday, then today is Thursday.
Therefore, yesterday was Wednesday.

Wednesday (yesterday) → Thursday (today) → Friday (tomorrow) → Saturday (day after tomorrow)

So, correct answer is  Wednesday

১৪) The cost of a certain phone call was Tk. 0.75 for the first 3 minutes and Tk. 0.20 for each additional minute after the first 3 minutes. Did the phone call last longer than 15 minutes?
Statement:
(1) The cost of the phone call was less than Tk. 4.16
(2) The cost of the phone call was greater than Tk. 3.35

  1. Statement (1) alone is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
  2. Statement (2) alone is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
  3. Both statements together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
  4. Statements (1) and (2) together are not sufficient.

Question: The cost of a certain phone call was Tk. 0.75 for the first 3 minutes and Tk. 0.20 for each additional minute after the first 3 minutes. Did the phone call last longer than 15 minutes?

Statement:
(1) The cost of the phone call was less than Tk. 4.16
(2) The cost of the phone call was greater than Tk. 3.35

Solution:
ধরি, ফোনকলের সময় = t মিনিট।
প্রথম ৩ মিনিটের খরচ = Tk. 0.75

এরপর প্রতি অতিরিক্ত মিনিটের খরচ = Tk. 0.20
তাই, t > 3 হলে মোট খরচ = 0.75 + 0.20(t - 3)

এখন, আমাদের জানতে হবে কলটি 15 মিনিটের বেশি স্থায়ী হয়েছিল কি না। 

Statement (1):
খরচ Tk. 4.16 এর কম।
∴ 15 মিনিটের কলের খরচ = 0.75 + 0.20(15 - 3) = 0.75 + 2.40 = 3.15 
যেহেতু 4.16 > 3.15, তাই খরচ 4.16-এর কম হলে কল ১৫ মিনিটের কমও হতে পারে, আবার ১৫ মিনিটের বেশিও হতে পারে।

অতএব, Statement (1) একা যথেষ্ট নয়।

Statement (2):
খরচ Tk. 3.35 এর বেশি।
15 মিনিটের কলের খরচ = Tk. 3.15
যেহেতু খরচ 3.35-এর বেশি, তাই কল অবশ্যই 15 মিনিটের বেশি হয়েছে।

যাচাই করে পাই,
⇒ 0.75 + 0.20(t - 3) > 3.35 
⇒ 0.20(t - 3) > 2.60
⇒ t - 3 > 13 
∴ t > 16
অর্থাৎ কলের সময় 16 মিনিটেরও বেশি।

সুতরাং, Statement (2) একাই যথেষ্ট।

সঠিক উত্তর: খ) Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but Statement 1 alone is not sufficient.

১৫) Direction: Consider the argument and decide which of the given assumptions is/are implicit.
Argument:
Public smoking is an offense under the law.
Assumption:
I. Smoking is injurious to the health of the person who smokes.
II. Smoke is injurious even to other's health in public places.

  1. Both I and II are implicit
  2. Neither I nor II is implicit
  3. Only assumption II is implicit
  4. Only assumption I is implicit

Question: Direction: Consider the argument and decide which of the given assumptions is/re implicit.

Argument:
Public smoking is an offense under the law.

Assumption:
I. Smoking is injurious to the health of the person who smokes.
II. Smoke is injurious even to other's health in public places.

Solution:
Argument:
Public smoking is an offense under the law.
এখানে আইন শুধু public smoking-কে অপরাধ হিসেবে ঘোষণা করেছে।

Assumption I:
Smoking is injurious to the health of the person who smoke.
ধূমপান ব্যক্তির নিজের স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য ক্ষতিকর কি না, সেটি এই আইনের মূল ভিত্তি নয়। যদি শুধুমাত্র নিজের ক্ষতির বিষয় হতো, তাহলে private smoking-ও নিষিদ্ধ করা হতো।
তাই, Assumption I is not implicit.

Assumption II:
Smoke is injurious even to others' health in public places.
Public smoking-কে অপরাধ করার যৌক্তিক কারণ হলো এর ধোঁয়া আশেপাশের মানুষেরও ক্ষতি করে।
তাই, Assumption II is implicit.

So, correct answer is গ) Only assumption 2 is implicit.

১৬) Arpita was born on 29th February. Which of the following years could be her birth year? 

  1. 1998
  2. 2004
  3. 2010
  4. 2006

Question: Arpita was born on 29th February. Which of the following years could be her birth year?

Solution: 
February has 29 days only when the year is a leap year.

We know,
A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4. However, century years must also be divisible by 400.

Among the given options, only the year 2004 is divisible by 4.
Therefore, 2004 is a leap year.

Hence, Arpita’s birth year could be 2004.

১৭) An office worker frequently complains to the building custodian that her office is poorly lighted. The best action for the building custodian to follow is to-

  1. Ignore the complaints because they come from a habitual crank.
  2. Inform the worker that illumination is a fixed item built into the building originally and evidently is the result of faulty planning by the architect.
  3. Request a licensed electrician to install additional ceiling lights.
  4. Investigate for faulty illumination features in the room, such as dirty lamp globes and incorrect lamp wattage

Question: An office worker frequently complains to the building custodian that her office is poorly lighted. The best action for the building custodian to follow is to-

Solution:
Correct Answer: ঘ) Investigate for faulty illumination features in the room, such as dirty lamp globes and incorrect lamp wattage.
প্রশ্নে বলা হয়েছে, একজন অফিস কর্মী বারবার অভিযোগ করছেন যে তার অফিসে আলো কম। একজন building custodian বা ভবন রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ কর্মীর সবচেয়ে ভালো কাজ হবে প্রথমে সমস্যাটি নিজে যাচাই করা।

কারণ, কোনো অভিযোগকে অবহেলা করা উচিত নয়। আবার সরাসরি electrician ডেকে অতিরিক্ত ceiling light বসানোও প্রথম পদক্ষেপ নয়। আগে সমস্যার কারণ খুঁজে দেখা দরকার।

অন্যান্য অপশন ভুল। 

১৮) What is the numerical code for 'water' in a certain code?
Statements:
I. The code for 'give me water' is '719'.
II. The code for 'you can bring water for me' is written as '574186'. 

  1. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient
  2. Neither I nor II is sufficient
  3. Both I and II are sufficient
  4. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

Question: What is the numerical code for 'water' in a certain code?

Statements:
I. The code for 'give me water' is '719'.
II. The code for 'you can bring water for me' is written as '574186'.

Solution:
Statement I:
'give me water' = 719
এখানে water = 7, 1, 9 এর যে কোনো একটি হতে পারে।
তাই I একা যথেষ্ট নয়।

Statement II:
'you can bring water for me' = 574186
এখানে water = 5, 7, 4, 1, 8, 6 এর যে কোনো একটি হতে পারে।
তাই II একা যথেষ্ট নয়।

দুইটি একসাথে:
দুই বাক্যে common words হলো me এবং water।
Common codes:
719 এবং 574186-এর common digits হলো 7 এবং 1।

তাই me ও water = 7 এবং 1, কিন্তু কোনটি water তা নিশ্চিত নয়।

অতএব দুইটি statement একসাথেও যথেষ্ট নয়।

সঠিক উত্তর খ) Neither I nor II is sufficient

১৯) Statements: All green are blue. All blue are white.
Conclusions:
1. Some blue are green.
2. Some white are green.
3. Some green are not white.
4. All white are blue.

  1. Only (1) and (2) 
  2. Only (1) and (3)
  3. Only (1) and (4)
  4. Only (2) and (4)

Question: Statements: All green are blue. All blue are white.

Conclusions:
1. Some blue are green.
2. Some white are green.
3. Some green are not white.
4. All white are blue.
 
Solution:
Statements:
All green are blue.
All blue are white.

From the statements, we get,
Green ⊂ Blue ⊂ White
This means every green object is blue, and every blue object is white. Therefore, every green object is also white.

Conclusion 1:
Some blue are green.
Since all green are blue, the green objects form a part of the blue group.

Therefore, at least some blue are green.
So, Conclusion 1 follows.

Conclusion 2:
Some white are green.
All green are blue, and all blue are white.
Hence, all green are also white.
Therefore, at least some white are green.

So, Conclusion 2 follows.

Conclusion 3:
Some green are not white.
From the statements, all green are blue and all blue are white.
So, every green object must be white.
Therefore, there cannot be any green object that is not white.

So, Conclusion 3 does not follow.

Conclusion 4:
All white are blue.
The statement says, 
All blue are white.

But we cannot reverse the statement and say,
All white are blue.
There may be some white objects that are not blue.

So, Conclusion 4 does not follow.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Only (1) and (2) follow.

২০) If the 3rd day of a month is Thursday, what day will the 20th day of that month be?

  1. Sunday
  2. Friday
  3. Monday
  4. Saturday

Question: If the 3rd day of a month is Thursday, what day will the 20th day of that month be?

Solution:
If the 3rd day of the month is Thursday. then,
3 + 7 = 10th day,
10 + 7 = 17th day,
17 + 7 =24th day
Will also be Thursdays.

Now, 20 - 17 = 3
So, the 20th day is 3 days after Thursday.
Thursday + 3 days = Sunday.

Therefore, if the 3rd day of the month is Thursday, the 20th day will be Sunday. 

২১) How many children does M have ?
Statements:
I. H is the only daughter of X who is wife of M.
II. K and J are brothers of M.

  1. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient 
  2. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient 
  3. Neither I nor II is sufficient
  4. Either I or II is sufficient

Question: How many children does M have ?

Statements:
I. H is the only daughter of X who is wife of M.
II. K and J are brothers of M.

Solution:
Statement I:
H হলো X-এর একমাত্র মেয়ে, আর X হলো M-এর স্ত্রী।
অর্থাৎ, H হলো M ও X-এর মেয়ে। তাই M-এর অন্তত 1টি সন্তান আছে।
কিন্তু 'only daughter of X' মানে X-এর ছেলে থাকতে পারে। তাই M-এর মোট সন্তান কতজন, নিশ্চিত নয়।

তাই I alone not sufficient.

Statement II:
K ও J হলো M-এর ভাই।
এতে M-এর সন্তানের সংখ্যা সম্পর্কে কিছুই জানা যায় না।

তাই II alone not sufficient.

সঠিক উত্তর: গ) Neither I nor II is sufficient

২২) Which of the following calendars will be the same as the calendar for the year 2003?

  1. 2014
  2. 2011
  3. 2013
  4. 2012

Question: Which of the following calendars will be the same as the calendar for the year 2003?

Solution:
দুটি বছরের ক্যালেন্ডার একই হতে হলে দুটি শর্ত পূরণ করতে হয়,
১) দুটি বছরই সাধারণ বছর হতে হবে অথবা দুটিই অধিবর্ষ (Leap Year) হতে হবে।
২) দুটি বছর একই দিনে শুরু হতে হবে (যেমন: দুটোই বুধবারে শুরু)।
 
২০০৩ সাল সম্পর্কে:
এটি সাধারণ বছর (৩৬৫ দিন)।
এই বছরটি বুধবার দিয়ে শুরু হয়েছিল।

২০১৪ সাল সম্পর্কে:
এটিও সাধারণ বছর (৩৬৫ দিন)।
এই বছরটিও বুধবার দিয়ে শুরু হয়।

তাই ২০০৩ ও ২০১৪ সালের ক্যালেন্ডার পুরোপুরি একই।

২৩) At what time between 9 and 10 o'clock will the hands of a watch be together?

  1. 45 min. past 9
  2. 400/11 min. past 9
  3. 50 min. past 9
  4. 540/11 min. past 9

Question: At what time between 9 and 10 o'clock will the hands of a watch be together?
 
Solution: 
To be together between 9 and 10 o'clock, the minute hand has to gain 45 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces gained in 60 min.
45 min. spaces are gained in = (60/55) × 45
= (60 × 9)/11
= 540/11

∴ The hands are together at 540/11 min. past 9

২৪) How many children are there between P and Q in a row of children ?
Statements:
I. P is fifteenth from the left in the row.
II. Q is exactly in the middle and there are ten children towards his right. 

  1. Both I and II are sufficient
  2. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient
  3. Neither I nor II is sufficient
  4. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

Question: How many children are there between P and Q in a row of children ?

Statements:
I. P is fifteenth from the left in the row.
II. Q is exactly in the middle and there are ten children towards his right.

Solution:
Statement I:
'P is fifteenth from the left in the row.'
অর্থাৎ, P বাম দিক থেকে 15তম অবস্থানে।
কিন্তু Q কোন অবস্থানে আছে তা জানা নেই।
তাই P ও Q এর মাঝে কতজন আছে তা নির্ণয় করা যায় না।
সুতরাং, Statement I একা যথেষ্ট নয়।

Statement II:
Q ঠিক মাঝখানে এবং তার ডানদিকে 10 জন শিশু আছে।
তাহলে Q-এর বামদিকেও 10 জন শিশু আছে।

∴ মোট শিশু = 10 + 1 + 10 = 21
তাই Q বাম দিক থেকে 11তম।

কিন্তু P কোথায় আছে জানা নেই।
সুতরাং, Statement II একা যথেষ্ট নয়।

দুইটি একসাথে:
P = বাম দিক থেকে 15তম
Q = বাম দিক থেকে 11তম

∴ তাদের মাঝে শিশু সংখ্যা = 15 - 11 - 1 = 3

 সুতরাং সঠিক উত্তর ক) Both I and II are sufficient

২৫) If the current month is June, what month will it be after 50 months? 

  1. September
  2. October
  3. August
  4. November

Question: If the current month is June, what month will it be after 50 months?

Solution:
Current month = June.
Since 12 months make a year, the same month recurs every 12 months.
∴ 50 = 12 × 4 + 2 
After 48 months, it will again be June.

Two months after June is August.

Therefore, after 50 months, it will be August.

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